16 Oct Déjà vu synonym
Just as the first drop of blue food coloring added to a bowl of water has a dramatic effect on its color, but additions of more drops of blue food coloring have a diminishing effects, so GHGs “color” the atmosphere in the IR region, and have diminishing effects as their concentrations go up.
– NCAR Climate Data Expert Guidance. It is my favorite question to to the hardened but ignorant CAGW types I meet – Whether there is more or less water vapor in the air
Water vapor and clouds account for 66 to 85 percent of the greenhouse effect, compared to a range of 9 to 26 percent for CO2.
An excellent article, thank you. It is also the same over the land and the ocean, which is not true of all variables. Since we are looking at the whole of the present-day greenhouse
the forcing. Combining information on how global mean surface temperature affects the total atmospheric moisture content, we provide an estimate of the feedback that water vapor exerts in our climate system. So the global cloud cover has a clear overall cooling effect on the planet, even though the net effect of high and low clouds are opposite” At best the CERES instruments in the Terra, Aqua, Aura, TRMM satellites measures LW from TOA. Finally, according to Gordon et al. Most likely to the extent that you’ll soon have to pull it back. It is the need for latent heat used in the evapouration of water and the cloud formation due to convection and cloud tops reflecting heat to space. GDP, gross domestic product. HISTORICAL INTRODUCTION TO THE BASIC PHYSICS, THE CLIMATOLOGICAL RELATIVE HUMIDITY DISTRIBUTION, RELATIVE IMPORTANCE OF DIFFERENT PARTS OF THE TROPOSPHERE FOR WATER VAPOR FEEDBACK, THE CONTROVERSY CONCERNING WATER IN THE TROPICAL FREE TROPOSPHERE, The Politics of Sustainability and Development, Economic Globalization and the Environment, Control, Robotics, and Autonomous Systems, Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior, https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.energy.25.1.441. And reducing
As the concentrations of other greenhouse gases, particularly carbon dioxide, increase because of human activity, it is centrally important to predict how the water vapor distribution will be affected. [and raining the water out again]. James Hansen et el needed a “better story” every time Budget Funding came up in Congress. That means that 100% of
In this review, we describe the background behind the prevailing view on water vapor feedback and some of the arguments raised by its critics, and attempt to explain why these arguments have not modified the consensus within the climate research community. Studies show that water vapor feedback roughly doubles the amount of warming caused by CO2. Another key word is absorbed longwave. The reason why it’s called relative humidity is because it is relative to the saturation humidity, that is, the amount of water vapor that could be present in the air at its current temperature. In addition, the TOA upwelling longwave varies linearly with T. This was a surprise to me. ( Log Out / It can’t hold on to something that isn’t there in the first place. Critics of this consensus have attempted to provide reasons why modeling results are overestimating the strength of this feedback. So in the desert, where there’s little water to evaporate in the daytime, the day/night temperature swings are greater.
It is supplemented with data converted from geostationary GOES. It does not follow, however, that one can use that relation, to predict the effect of a change in temperature as translates into a change in water vapor. TimTheToolMan says: If the time between collisions is much less than this time, it is likely that the molecule will give up its energy by a collision rather than be radiation. The range of interest in Figure 4 is perhaps -50°C to +35°C. He also provides direct spectrographs looking down over tropical ocean, where there is an overwhelming contribution from water vapor and even the CO_2 bands are reduced to perturbations on a broad background of absorption.
And looking again at your Figure 3 graphic, I then have to assume that the H2O vapor ppm between the Equator and the extent of the Temperate Zones, … @ 66.5° north latitude & 66.5° south latitude, ……. The most basic of these mechanisms is simply that heat losses go up with temperature. Love the flowers. “Taking the Measure of the Greenhouse Effect ” http://www.giss.nasa.gov/research/briefs/schmidt_05/
as the major greenhouse gas do we need to tax dihydrogen monoxide? Absorption is calculated as the upwelling surface longwave radiation minus the upwelling top-of-atmosphere (TOA) longwave radiation. For at least some of the computer modeling experiments reported in this paper, they held relative humidity at a constant value, which means that if the air temperature increases, then the absolute amount of water vapor must increase, by 7% per degree Celsius, or about 4% per degree Fahrenheit. because it’s all built on the concept that the surface of the earth is warmed by the very gases that are responsible for cooling the surface: particularly The term ‘absorption’ does not mean it is a heat sink. The Battle for the Truth about Global Warming, “…invaluable” – Steven F. Hayward, The Weekly Standard, “…changed the world and is one of the most influential resources on global warming. One will have the slope shown (1.8) and capture the lower bounding line of the points a second will be much steeper in order to capture the upper bounds of data. There is a lot of absorbtion and re-radiation in the middle
The idea to all these people who were gobbling up James Hansen’s stories as reality based that they have been caught before their own careers ended is emotionally devastating to them from the first to the last but just like the people knew at N.A.S.A. Paywalled paper: An observationally based constraint on the water-vapor feedback, Gordon et al., JGR Atmospheres, R Code: CERES Water Vapor (zipped folder 750 mb), CERES Data: CERES TOA (220 Mb) and CERES Surface (115 Mb). temperatures. Do water vapour increase because temperature increased or do temperature increase because water vapour increased? Deserts have near zero water so zero latent heat requirement. That is why you have absorption spectroscopy in IR and not emission spectroscopy. many, and so here is a more in-depth response (see also. (handle with care–some good information, but much distortion), Misinterpreting the Role of an Amplifier – The Path of Climate. Now if the current atmospheric CO2 is at 0.040% ….. or 400 ppm, … then the H2O vapor at 15,000 ppm is 37.5 times greater than the CO2 ….. and at 20,000 ppm it is 50 times greater than the CO2. March 24, 2014 at 12:39 am The water vapor over the Sahara desert certainly does not absorb more OLR than the water vapor over the US, because OLR emitted by the surface and passing through the atmosphere is more complicated than light passing through a sample in an infrared spectrophotometer. The easiest ‘experiment’ you could do to verify how radiation is only along for the ride in the troposphere is to hold your hand close to a candle flame out in the calm open air, let’s say 10-15 cm (4-6 inches) away from it to the side.
use changes (which effect evaporation) are also direct forcings to water
Then you would obtain an absorption and an emission spectrum at exactly the same time. Also, molecules are colliding frequently with others of their kind and other kinds. “If, for instance, CO2 concentrations are doubled, then the absorption would increase by 4 W/m2, but once the water vapor and clouds react, the absorption increases by almost 20 W/m2 — demonstrating that (in the GISS climate model, at least) the “feedbacks” are amplifying the effects of the initial radiative forcing from CO2 alone.” The energy warming the air comes from the radiation.
We emit CO2, which warms
radiative effect is neglected in most models. The main issue is the problem of applying the average of the proportion to the straight average of LW. response to 2xCO2, (around 3 deg C) you would expect an increase of
These are terms that are applied to the spectrum. CO2 certainly traps a little LWIR energy, but only in proportion to its concentration, which is negligible on earth. it particularly odd that Lindzen's estimate does not appear to allow for
They found out after eight hundred thousand measurements that not only was night time infrared radiation not growing, Some recent
Strangely enough the world does’t explode when this happens but instead cools. Dark seawater absorbs more incoming solar radiation than sea ice, further warming the water and speeding ice melt. Where and how is it measured? A positive water vapor feedback of 1.8 +/- 0.001 W/C is actually a little higher than the IPCC AR 5 estimate of 1.6 +/- 0.3 W/C In this case (and in this case only) those additions can be considered a
this radiation (and acknowledged as such by everybody). "The difference in an atmosphere with a strong water vapor feedback and one with a weak feedback is enormous," Dessler said. By way of analogy, consider a liter of pure water in a clear, 10x10x10 cm cubic jar or box, and one drop of food coloring. Second, because the uncertainty in the trend is so small. In other words, during the day, you might go from having 35% relative humidity in the afternoon and late at night having the RH hit 80% and have the same absolute humidity both times. However, I wanted an answer in watts per square metre … and that brings up a curious problem.
Rik says: xmlns:xsl='http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform'">. 85%. After Mount Pinatubo erupted in 1992, for example, water vapor concentrations decreased within the range predicted by the model and amplified the cooling by 60 percent more than would have occurred as a result of the sulphate aerosol emissions alone. This is how the troposphere works. absorbed in the atmosphere. The assumption here is that the LW absorbed by water vapour causes GHE warming simply because some so called “GHG” has absorbed it. The answer is that water vapor is indeed responsible for a major portion of Earth’s warming over the past century and for projected future warming. A spectroscope could also measure emission lines , but it would have to be extremely sensitive because the emissions would have a 1 in 41,500 chance of hitting the sensor. Thanks Willis. It went UP. [Response: Since it's a coupled
Richard Lindzen quoted it from the
time (a few years) for the small anthropogenic inputs to be important. March 26, 2014 at 8:58 am As with CO2, I feel that water vapour is a result of warming. There is some partial
positive feedback. Upwelling long wave surface radiation is obtained from Planck’s Law. Science sometimes gives surprising results. total amount of water vapour will increase adding to the greenhouse
(Fig 4) I think you need to draw two lines around the data. I'm not sure that serious skeptics worry too much
the combined changes are larger than the changes due to each individual
In fact, the reason that additional CO2 has so little GHG effect is that there is already so much of it in the atmosphere.
These long-lived greenhouse gases produce sustained warming, which drives the water vapor feedback. Figure 2. after 50 days it's back to within 1%. In this regard, it's also necessary to realize that the forcing from a given amount of additional CO2 or H2O decreases as the total amount of each increases. DelGenio).
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